Which of the following are key end-to-end business processes in SAP S/4 HANA Enterprise Management?

The key end-to-end business processes in SAP S/4 HANA Enterprise Management encompass the comprehensive flow of activities from the initial procurement of goods to the eventual payment process. The reason "Procure to Pay" is considered a key process is that it covers the entire cycle of acquiring goods and services, starting with the identification of a need, sourcing suppliers, managing purchase orders, receiving goods or services, and concluding with making payments to vendors.

This process is essential for organizations as it integrates procurement with financial management, thereby enabling better control over expenditures, improving supplier relationships, and enhancing inventory management. The efficiency and effectiveness of the Procure to Pay process directly impact a company's operational performance and cash flow, making it a cornerstone of enterprise management within SAP S/4 HANA.

While "Lead to Order," "Order to Cash," and "Request to Service" are important business processes within SAP, they do not encompass the same breadth in terms of integrating procurement with overall financial and operational performance as Procure to Pay does.